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General Bernard Montgomery and his Staff British General Bernard L. Montgomery briefs his staff on daily troop movements in North Africa. In early November 1942 Montgomery’s British forces broke through the German lines held under German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel at Al ‘Alamayn, ending Hitler’s string of victories in the region.

French Troops in North Africa In North Africa during World War II (1939–1945), the Free French—French armed forces formed in exile by General Charles de Gaulle—engaged in several successful battles, led by General Philippe Leclerc, against Axis forces led by German General Erwin Rommel. In May 1943, after months of fighting, the Allies were able to force the final surrender of German and Italian troops in North Africa.